MoonFALL leverages a light projector to project a grid of reflective points visible to a camera, creating an initial geometry map. The system then uses light detection and ranging (lidar) along with advances in computer vision, machine learning, robotics, and computing to generate a map that reconstructs lunar terrain.

The Falcon ExoDynamics LITTLE OWL (Low SWAP-C Nighttime Landing Hazard Detection System) integrated sensing system is comprised of a high-resolution visible spectrum camera, high-lumen LED floodlight, small gimbal, and GPU-based processor to perform sensing of terrain in the dark from an altitude of 400 meters and higher to help identify hazards and safe landing sites for spacecraft.

Institute of Applied Engineering's solution consists of multiple COTS LiDAR sensors that are configured to collect data simultaneously. By utilizing simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms, the solution will synthesize the data from the LiDAR to form a complete topographical map of the search area in the form of a Delaunay triangulated surface model.